Stubble burning in northern India has drastically reduced air quality in Pakistan’s Punjab province, contributing to a thick layer of smog blanketing cities across the region.
Pakistani officials have reported that pollution levels in many areas have reached “hazardous” levels, posing a serious health risk to millions of residents.
According to Pakistan’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), around 30% of the smog in Punjab, including Lahore, is due to cross-border pollution from India. NASA satellite images show thousands of fires in India’s Punjab and Haryana states, where farmers burn crop residue after harvesting to prepare fields for the next planting season.
The satellite images also indicated ongoing crop burning in Pakistan. Despite bans by both governments, stubble burning has persisted on both sides of the border, with a larger share occurring in India.
Adding to the problem, smoke drifting from across the border combines with local emissions and colder air in Pakistan, creating a thick layer of smog.
In response, Pakistan has implemented emergency measures, including the closure of schools, parks, and public spaces in 18 districts, while advising residents to stay indoors.
The Punjab Health Ministry has reported a sharp increase in respiratory illnesses, with hospitals filled with cases of asthma, eye irritation, and other conditions linked to pollution.
Maryam Aurangzeb, Senior Minister of Punjab, has urged citizens to take precautions, including wearing masks outdoors.
The government also plans to engage with Indian officials in discussions aimed at addressing the recurring pollution crisis through “climate diplomacy.”
With pollution levels still rising, both countries face mounting pressure to find long-term solutions to control smog and safeguard public health.
